智能小车作为现代的新发明,是以后的发展方向,他可以按照预先设定的模式在一个环境里自动的运作,不需要人为的管理,可应用于科学勘探等等的用途。智能小车能够实时显示时间、速度、里程,具有自动寻迹、寻光、避障功能,可程控行驶速度、准确定位停车,远程传输图像等功能。下面带大家做一个智能蓝牙小车,用手机APP来控制小车前进、后退、向左、向右、停止,本次蓝牙小车的设计在于探索蓝牙智能小车的设计理念及设计方法,学习一下PWM控制电机差速来控制小车的方向,下面就动手搞起来吧!!!!!
TPYBoard v102 1块
蓝牙串口模块 1个
TPYBoard v102小车扩展板(包含4个车轮,4个电机)
18650电池 2节
数据线 1条
杜邦线 若干
蓝牙APP (http://old.tpyboard.com/download/tool/190.html)
蓝牙( Bluetooth):是一种无线技术标准,可实现固定设备、移动设备和楼宇个人域网之间的短距离数据交换(使用2.4—2.485GHz的ISM波段的UHF无线电波)。
我们在此使用的蓝牙模块(HC-06)已经在内部实现了蓝牙协议,不用我们再去自己开发调试协议。这类模块一般都是借助于串口协议通信,因此我们只需借助串口将我们需要发送的数据发送给蓝牙模块,蓝牙模块会自动将数据通过蓝牙协议发送给配对好的蓝牙设备。
TPYBoard v102 是遵循MIT协议,由TurnipSmart公司制作的一款MicroPython开发板,它基于STM32F405单片机,通过USB接口进行数据传输。该开发板内置4个LED灯、一个加速度传感器,可在3V-10V之间的电压正常工作。让你会Python就能做极客, 用Python控制硬件,支持Python语言的开发板。比树莓派更小巧,更简单,更便宜,比Arduino更强大,更加容易编程。
以TPYBoard v102开发板为主控板,小车扩展板具有四路PWM调速电机、8个可控LED、1个蜂鸣器、5路舵机接口、1个蓝牙接口、1个PS2无线接口、引出TPYBoard v102开发板全部针脚,可装载循迹模块、超声波模块、机械手臂、红外接收头,兼容入门级电机和专业级电机,两节18650单独供电。
我们只需要把TPYBoard v102 插小车扩展板上,把蓝牙模块插上,把程序写入就行,下面是main.py源程序
# main.py -- put your code here! from pyb import Pin from pyb import UART N1 = Pin('Y1', Pin.OUT_PP) N2 = Pin('Y2', Pin.OUT_PP) N3 = Pin('Y3', Pin.OUT_PP) N4 = Pin('Y4', Pin.OUT_PP) N5 = Pin('Y6', Pin.OUT_PP) N6 = Pin('Y7', Pin.OUT_PP) N7 = Pin('Y8', Pin.OUT_PP) N8 = Pin('Y9', Pin.OUT_PP) led_red=Pin('Y5', Pin.OUT_PP) led_right=Pin('Y12', Pin.OUT_PP) led_left=Pin('Y11', Pin.OUT_PP) led_red.value(1) led_right.value(0) led_left.value(0) blue=UART(1,9600,timeout=100) def go(speed): M1_0=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y1, pulse_width=(speed*200)+10000) M1_1=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y2, pulse_width=0) M2_0=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y3, pulse_width=(speed*100)+5000) M2_1=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(4, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y4, pulse_width=0) M3_0=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y6, pulse_width=(speed*220)+10000) M3_1=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y7, pulse_width=0) M4_0=pyb.Timer(2, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y9, pulse_width=(speed*50)+5000) M4_1=pyb.Timer(12, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y8, pulse_width=0) led_red.value(0) def back(speed): M1_0=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y1, pulse_width=0) M1_1=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y2, pulse_width=(speed*200)+10000) M2_0=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y3, pulse_width=0) M2_1=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(4, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y4, pulse_width=(speed*100)+10000) M3_0=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y6, pulse_width=0) M3_1=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y7, pulse_width=(speed*200)+10000) M4_0=pyb.Timer(2, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y9, pulse_width=0) M4_1=pyb.Timer(12, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y8, pulse_width=(speed*100)+10000) led_red.value(1) def stop(): M1_0=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y1, pulse_width=0) M1_1=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y2, pulse_width=0) M2_0=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y3, pulse_width=0) M2_1=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(4, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y4, pulse_width=0) M3_0=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y6, pulse_width=0) M3_1=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y7, pulse_width=0) M4_0=pyb.Timer(12, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y8, pulse_width=0) M4_1=pyb.Timer(2, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y9, pulse_width=0) led_right.value(0) led_left.value(0) led_red.value(1) def left(speed): M1_0=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y1, pulse_width=(speed*30)+10000) M1_1=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y2, pulse_width=0) M2_0=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y3, pulse_width=(speed*100)+10000) M2_1=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(4, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y4, pulse_width=0) M3_0=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y6, pulse_width=(speed*30)+10000) M3_1=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y7, pulse_width=0) M4_0=pyb.Timer(2, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y9, pulse_width=(speed*100)+10000) M4_1=pyb.Timer(12, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y8, pulse_width=0) led_right.value(1) led_left.value(0) def right(speed): M1_0=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y1, pulse_width=(speed*200)+20000) M1_1=pyb.Timer(8, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y2, pulse_width=0) M2_0=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y3, pulse_width=(speed*200)+3000) M2_1=pyb.Timer(4, freq=10000).channel(4, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y4, pulse_width=0) M3_0=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(1, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y6, pulse_width=(speed*100)+20000) M3_1=pyb.Timer(1, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y7, pulse_width=0) M4_0=pyb.Timer(2, freq=10000).channel(3, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y9, pulse_width=(speed*100)+3000) M4_1=pyb.Timer(12, freq=10000).channel(2, pyb.Timer.PWM, pin=pyb.Pin.board.Y8, pulse_width=0) led_right.value(0) led_left.value(1) while True: if blue.any()>0: data=blue.read().decode() print(data) if data.find('0')>-1: stop() if data.find('1')>-1: pyb.LED(2).on() pyb.LED(3).off() pyb.LED(4).off() go(5) if data.find('2')>-1: pyb.LED(2).off() pyb.LED(3).on() pyb.LED(4).off() back(5) if data.find('3')>-1: pyb.LED(2).off() pyb.LED(3).off() pyb.LED(4).on() left(5) if data.find('4')>-1: pyb.LED(2).off() pyb.LED(3).off() pyb.LED(4).on() right(5)
需要自己组装小车,硬件接线不需要接,只需要将单片机和蓝牙模块插到扩展板上,然后把程序复制到main.py中,然后手机下载好app,就可以控制小车爬坡,前进,后退了,动手造起来吧!!!!
*本文作者:_橙子 ゝ,转载自FreeBuf.COM
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